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How the Volkswagen cheating probe developed

Fallout from Volkswagen's revelation that it engaged in cheating on emissions testing continued Monday, with the company's stock falling more than 15 percent and a Congressional subcommittee announcing an investigation into the German auto giant's conduct. Both the Environmental Protection Agency and California Air Resources Board served Volkswagen with a Notice of Violation on Friday, saying the company intentionally circumvented emissions standards by using "defeat devices." Here's a look back at the agencies' emissions enforcement history and how the charges involving Volkswagen developed. August 1998 – Honda spends $267 million to settle charges it violated the Clean Air Act by disabling "misfire monitoring devices" installed on more than 1.6 million vehicles. Ford spends $7.8 million to settle a charge it violated the Clean Air Act by installing defeat devices on 60,000 Ford Econoline vans. May 2014 – Working with the International Council on Clean Transportation, researchers at West Virginia University find significantly higher in-use emissions from a 2012 Jetta and 2013 Passat and alert the EPA to their findings. November 3, 2014 – Korean automakers Hyundai and Kia agree to pay a $100 million fine for overstating the fuel economy on several of their models by as much as six miles per gallon. In announcing the fine, government officials sought to make an example of the two companies to deter further cheating. VW officials admit the vehicles were designed with a defeat device to "bypass, defeat and render inoperative elements of the vehicle emissions control systems." "This type of conduct quite simply will not be tolerated," said then-Attorney General Eric Holder. "And the Justice Department will never rest or waver in our determination to take action against any company that engages in such activities – whenever and wherever they are uncovered." December 2, 2014 – Following discussions that stemmed from West Virginia University's findings, Volkswagen agrees to initiate a recall of 500,000 cars. The company says a software update will fix the nitrous oxide trap technology and selective catalytic reduction technology causing the cars to miss emissions thresholds. May 6, 2015 – CARB wanted to see whether the software fix implemented by Volkswagen worked. Using portable emissions measurement systems, the regulatory officials found NOx emissions were still significantly higher than expected.

Volkswagen plans expansion, tech center in Chattanooga

Volkswagen is expanding its growing Chattanooga, TN, factory by even more than the original plans after winning the local government's approval. The German automaker announced its intention last year to invest $900 million to add 538,000 square feet of floor space to the plant, which would add 2,000 new jobs. The company just went back to the city for permission to increase the expansion by a further 130,153 square feet for an even larger body shop. The extra construction is estimated to cost around $18 million. VW spokesperson Catharina Mette described the decision as "a cost-saving option," to Autoblog. "Taking this action now saves money while giving us flexibility as we integrate the MQB platform in the future," she said. By the end of 2016, the Chattanooga plant will begin production of VW's forthcoming crossover, which should look similar to the Cross Coupe GTE concept. VW has further plans for the research, development, and planning center near the factory. According to the Chattanooga Times Free Press, some of the designers and engineers will start work at a temporary facility there next week. A permanent location will open in 2017 with a test track and space to perform crash evaluations. The engineering center is meant to speed up the rate of vehicle development to bring models to the North American market more quickly."This will be the central entity in all the US, and hopefully all of North America," Matthias Erb, who oversees the center, said to the newspaper. Related Video:

Weekly Recap For 4.22.16 | Autoblog Minute

Senior Editor Greg Migliore recaps the week in automotive news, including a look at the latest from the VW diesel emissions scandal, spy shots of the latest Honda CR-V, and more. Ferrari Honda Volkswagen Crossover Autoblog Minute Videos Original Video emissions scandal diesel emissions scandal