Find or Sell Used Cars, Trucks, and SUVs in USA

'72 Plymouth Scamp 440, Factory V-8, Big Block, Fresh, Dry Kansas Car, Fast&loud on 2040-cars

US $27,900.00
Year:1972 Mileage:38554
Location:

Fort Dodge, Iowa, United States

Fort Dodge, Iowa, United States
Advertising:

Imagine Yourself

Imagine Yourself

RUMBLING

Into The Next Car Show

In This

GROUND-POUNDING,

RUMPITY  RUMP,

 

440 Big-block,

 

1972 Plymouth Scamp !!!

Then Imagine Yourself Romping Down On The Throttle

 and Leaving That Show In A Cloud Of TIRE SMOKE

with Globs of Molten Rubber and Asphalt Stuck to Your Quarter Panels !!!

 

Trust Me.

"This Ain't Your Grandma's Slant 6 Valiant !!! "

 

This Is A Genuine Factory V-8 Plymouth Scamp !!!

( Yes, I know it is not a Dodge Dart but eBay does not have a category for Scamps

 and most people do not know the difference....so save your emails !!! )

 

These Light Weight Little Mopars Ruled The Street Wars Back In The Day !!!

Especially When They Had A Cammed Up 440

Under The Hood !!!

I know....I was in High School and College when these cars were new.

I was driving a cammed up, heavily modified, 375 horse, 4-Speed 1968 SS396 Chevelle that could hold it's own at any stop light.

That is unless the other car was a 440 Dodge Dart or Plymouth Scamp !!!

They could "Flat A**" blow my doors off !!! 

HOW EMBARRASSING !!!

Soooo, I decided if you can't Beat em, Join em !!!

 

This is my latest "Scat Pack"/ "Rapid Transit System" Mopar which I found and bought a couple of years ago.

THIS IS A REALLY NICE CAR !!!

I've decided it is time to sell it and concentrate on my '69 Impala 427 project!!

 

This is what I like to call a "DAY 2 Style Car" !!!

You see on "Day 1" the car came home from the Dealership stone stock with quiet mufflers,

 little wheels and tires and all the rest of the stock factory stuff.

 

On "Day 2",

 any kid that was a car guy stuck in big motor,

a hot cam,

 added a Hi-rise and Headers,

jacked it up and added Mag Wheels with Big Tires !!!

THIS IS THE WAY WE ACTUALLY DROVE THEM !!!!

Mom, Dad and the neighbors didn't understand, BUT WE SURE DID !!!

( On "Day 3" we either lost our Driver's License for Drag Racing or blew the car up and started over with a new motor....but that's another story. )

I am a serious Car Collector. Two years ago I had the bug for a new toy and went on a seven State trip to find something that tripped my trigger. I still had an empty trailer and a pocket full of cash when I hit New Mexico and had used up more than half my allotted travel time. It was time to head back home. I looked at a couple of cars in the Texas Pan Handle and a couple more in Oklahoma. Then I got wind of a 440 Dodge Dart in Joplin, Missouri and headed into Kansas to get there.

On my way to Joplin I stayed overnight in Kansas and found out about this 440 Plymouth Scamp that was reluctantly For Sale by a gentleman who was having health issues in a town a few miles from the motel. I got up in the morning and went to check it out. It was a beautiful RUST-FREE, DRY Kansas car and everything I was looking for. The car ran, drove and looked really nice but did require some freshening, some changes, some updates , cleaning and detailing as it had been sitting a year or so without being driven very much. That sort of thing is right up my alley. Naturally the car is a Hot Rod and not a numbers matching mega dollar restoration. The only numbers we worried about in '72 were 1,320 feet, ET, cubic inch, horse power and what RPM to shift at. A deal was made. I laid my cash on his kitchen table,  loaded this car on the trailer and headed home. 

 

IF I HAD NOT BOUGHT THIS CAR I WOULD HAVE HEADED ON TO JOPLIN, MISSOURI AND BEEN THERE WHEN THE KILLER F5 TORNADO HIT AND DESTROYED THE TOWN !!!

I GUESS YOU CAN PROBABLY SAY THAT THIS CAR MAY HAVE SAVED MY LIFE !!!

 

This car has been primped inside, outside, top and bottom. SHE LOOK'S LIKE A MILLION BUCKS !!!!

 

As I said at the start, I am a serious Car Collector. As such, this means I like to find, buy, collect, play with, improve  and own a car for a time. Then it is time to pass them along for someone else to enjoy. That time has come...I've owned the car for more than a year....I'm ready to move along !!!

 For One Lucky Person

 This Car Will Be The Buy Of A Lifetime !!!

 For Everyone Else

 It Will Forever Be The One That Got Away !!!

 

This is a wonderful car that has remained in remarkable condition. This is largely due to the fact that most of it's life it has been used as a toy and a week end race car. Not really a daily driver. The other remarkable thing is that even though it was a racer it has not been hacked up, never had a cage built in it and doesn't have a bunch of extra holes drilled all over in it. It is really just very much like the cars we built to street race when we still had to drive it to school.

SHE IS HOT, FAST and LOUD, BUT 100% STREET LEGAL !!!

This car will be sold for tens of THOUSANDS of dollars LESS

than it would COST to DUPLICATE !!!!

It is ready to go enjoy TODAY with no waiting for a shop to complete It !!!

YOU CAN DRIVE IT TO THE SHOW TOMORROW AND BE PROUD !!!

This car never sat in a junk yard, a field or a farmer's barn. It has been in the garage of a loving and caring owner all of it's life. It has not been pieced together with bits and pieces  of other junk cars. This car was a complete, solid, running, driving, ORIGINAL WESTERN car to  begin with.

 

 

Here are the details;

 

BODY and FLOORS - This is a SUPER SOLID, DRY, DRY, Kansas car and as far as I can tell is RUST-FREE and always has been ( I would not have bought it if I thought otherwise). Remember, I bought it as a complete and done car and have not seen it without finished paint.  The Floors, Body Mounts, Sub-rails, Shock Towers and Trunk Floor appear ROCK SOLID and RUST FREE. The Inner and Outer Rocker Panels are the ones the FACTORY guys installed and have all the drain holes and Factory Spot Welds where they belong. The Wheel Openings and Rear Quarter Panels are the same way. The Factory Seams and Lead Filler are where they are suppose to be. The Hood, Door and Trunk Gaps are excellent. The doors and trunk shut with a CLICK. This car shows no evidence of crash repair.When I got the car the underside was just original undercoat and red Kansas dirt. I had it cleaned and painted black as a Driver should be. The rubber body seals are good originals including the factory glue and sealer smears. This car has a really nice, solid body !!!

PAINT - This car was born White. White done Right is a True Delight. It has had a very nice professional repaint with PPG Deltron Poly Urethane in a slightly brighter shade. The car has been professionally color sanded, water buffed and glazed to that great urethane gloss. The finish is SMOOTH and SHINY. The true depth of white does not show in the pictures like a dark color does but take my word for it...the car looks nice. As you can see in the photos the car reflects the objects surrounding it. Yes, the car has been driven and has a few chips that have been touched up. I think we both can agree that trying to write a description like "there is a  BB sized chip three inches down at a 56 degree angle from the Right Door Handle" is both ridiculous and impossible. NEW  "Year One" Bumble-Bee Tail Stripe and Scamp Emblem Kit. NICE PAINT !!!

ENGINE,TRANSMISSION and REAR END - Very strong, tire smoking 440 Steel Crank. Block #440H, Casting #2536430-5, Casting Date 9-22-71. I'm told the recent professional rebuild includes; plus .030 bore, forged pistons, KB Rods, Balanced and blue printed, Block Decked and align bored for the Steel Crankshaft, Mopar Performance Competition Modified Hydraulic Cam # P41202235 w .484 lift and 284 Duration, Mopar Modified Comp # 4006767 Lifters, Mopar Modified Comp #P3690933 Valve Springs and Keepers, Edelbrock Performer Aluminum Hi-rise Intake Manifold, Edelbrock Performer Carburetor, MSD 6AL Ignition ( Multiple Spark Discharge), Super Stock Plug Wires, NEW Autolite 85 Plugs and much more. Tubular Block Hugger Headers with 2 1/2 inch Aluminized Exhaust Pipes flowing through Hi-Perf Turbo Muffs. NEW "Year One" Battery Box. NEW Pumps. NEW Hoses. NEW Plugs. NEW Wires etc. This engine winds like a Small Block, pulls like a Big Block and sounds GREAT. The 727 Automatic Transmission was built by a renowned Mopar Trans builder and features Manual Shift Reverse Valve Body with a B+M 2000 Stall Torque Converter and B+M Pro Series Rachet Shifer. This tranny shifts with authority and the car chirps the tires every time you shift even if you are not trying. The Rear End is a custom narrowed ( 50 inches Flange to Flange) Large Brake 8 3/4 Inch Mopar Positive Traction set up with 355 Performance gears from Summit. With the help of a Summit Racing Narrowing Kit this set up tucks the tires and 15x12 Weld Pro Star Wheels inside the stock Quarter Panels WITHOUT CUTTING the Inner Wheel Housings or Tubbing the car !!! SUPER COOL !!! THERE IS NOTHING AND I MEAN  NOTHING THAT COMPARES TO THE SOUND OF A BUILT UP, CAMMED UP BIG BLOCK MOPAR !!! Wow, just thinking about that sound sends CHILLS up and down my Spine !!!  SWEEEEEET !!!

INTERIOR - Fresh ( like barely even sat in yet) seats with Black Vinyl and Black and White Hounds Tooth Check cloth ( just like Back in the Day) by Internationally Renowned Phil himself of Phil's Auto Trim. Phil is well known for the many magazine Feature Hot Rods and Customs he has done over the last 50 years and he has done ALL of my work since the 1960's. Nobody has even sat in the Back Seat yet. Excellent Headliner. Excellent black loop carpet. Nice ORIGINAL Door and Kick Panels and PERFECT Dash Pad. Nice UNCUT Dash Panel and Gauges with NEW Grant GT Steering Wheel. NICE, ORIGINAL STYLE INTERIOR !!!!

CHROME and TRIM - NEW Show Quality Re-Chromed Front and Rear Bumpers. The Stainless is a combination of nice original and re-polished. The Grill is excellent and professionally restored. The Diecast pieces are excellent originals. VERY NICE !!!

GLASS - NEW Windshield. Original Side and Back Glass with Black Tint applied. Excellent Glass !!!

FRAME and SUSPENSION - Set up as we did it back in the day to give it the correct stance and weight transfer upon hard acceleration. The Front Torsion Bars have been cranked up and Air Shocks and Shock Extensions have been put on the rear. If you want it lower simply crank down the Torsion Bars and let some air out of the shocks. The Rear tires will tuck up into the Wheel Wells just fine. FACTORY Front Disc Brakes. Large Drums on the rear. This car handles a drives just fine.

WHEELS and TIRES- Polished DOT Approved Street Legal Weld Pro Star Aluminum Wheels. 15x12 on the rear with 295/50R15 TA's and 15x3 1/2 on the front with 195/65R15's.

OTHER STUFF -  YES, I know this is NOT a 440 Six Pack like the Hood Decal says. The fact is I had this really nice NOS Reflective Six Pack Decal 'cuz I like it and that's what we stuck on all the 4-barrel cars back in the day in this neck of the woods. It gave us a little more respect at the stop lights (as if the 440 needed it). Peel it off if you don't want it. I think pretty much everything works on this car. The lights light. The wipers wipe. The horn toots. The windows roll up and down. The blinkers blink and the gauges gauge. The Odometer reads 38,554 miles.... could be actual ( maybe 1/4 mile at a time). I just don't know but the previous owner thought it probably was. It doesn't matter though since pretty much everything has been repaired, rebuilt or replaced anyway. NICE NEW VDO Tach. NICE Kenwood Stereo. The Jack is in the Trunk but there is no spare tire. NEW Trunk Mat. NOS Tail Light Lenses.

 

My goal was not to make a perfect, rotisserie restoration Trailer Queen. THAT KIND OF CAR IS NO FUN AT ALL. My goal was to create a good looking, drivable and fun car like REAL people drove in the Sixties and Seventies. I think that goal has been met. THIS CAR IS READY TO GO ENJOY TODAY !!!!

If you think you can buy a cheaper car and make it as nice as this car for less money go ahead and try. You have my blessing. You are only fooling yourself.

$32,000 buys you 8 weeks ( 320 hours) of LABOR in a good shop.

That's with NO parts,

 NO materials,

NO interior,

NO engine work,

NO exhaust work,

NO driveline work,

NO CHROME PLATING,

NO STAINLESS TRIM RESTORATION.

NO Glass,

NO wheels or tires and

 NO allowance for a CAR to START WITH !!!!!!

 

Most of these cars spend a YEAR or TWO in the shop,

racking up THOUSANDS of HOURS in labor costs and

 TENS OF THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS in parts and materials !!!

  If you know what you are looking at you will quickly realize that

 this car CAN NOT be duplicated for anything close to the price you can get it for here !!!

 

Plus, it's ready to drive and enjoy TODAY !!!

 

Despite What The Barrett-Jackson People Try To Convince You On TV,

You Don't Have To Spend $100,000

To Have A Car People Will Admire !!!

This Sweet Little Valiant Scamp

Is For Sale Today For A Fraction Of What It Would Cost To Duplicate !!!

Is this car perfect ?

No. There is no perfect car.

Is this car nice ?

Yes. This car is very nice.

Is this car a car I can drive and be proud of ?

Yes. I love this car and feel very proud when I drive it.

Is this car a good investment ?

YES, YOU CAN BUY THIS CAR TODAY FOR FAR LESS THAN IT WOULD COST TO DUPLICATE

AND THESE A-BODY MOPARS HAVE  MORE THAN DOUBLED IN PRICE IN THE LAST COUPLE OF YEARS !!!

I EXPECT THAT TREND WILL CONTINUE !!!

As you can see I've tried to cover it. If I missed something I'm sorry.

I am a straight forward and honest person and would never purposely misrepresent a car. There is no point in doing that as they are what they are and will not  improve while you are waiting for it to arrive. If you have questions please feel free to call me.

This car is For Sale locally as well and I reserve the Right to end this Auction at any time without notice.

__________________________________________

Over Seas Buyers Are Welcome !!!

I can assist you in arranging low cost, professional transport Nationwide Or Worldwide.

We can have this car in your driveway in a few days !!!

Let Your Money Buy You Happiness !!!

______________________________

Now for the business stuff and the Terms and Agreements of this Auction/Sale. Please read thoroughly before you bid. Your bid indicates acceptance of and agreement with all of the descriptions and Terms outlined in this Auction. You are bidding for ownership of this vehicle, not the right to come kick the tires and take a test drive. You are welcome to come examine this car before you bid, WE HAVE NOTHING TO HIDE !!! I take great care in preparing the descriptions of my cars so that you can a good  idea of their quality and condition without the hassle of traveling but I am not perfect. A motor vehicle has thousands of parts and aspects and there is no way I can cover everything that may be important to you in a description. If you want to come and take a first-hand look I will me glad to meet you as long as I am available. If you have questions or issues that important to you please ask me before you bid. I will do my best to get an answer for you. We must receive a  $2,500  non-refundable deposit within   72 hours  of the Auction end with the balance due within  7 (seven) days  of the Auction end. All payments must be cash, Cashiers Check or by Bank Wire Transfer in USA funds. We prefer Bank To Bank Wire Transfer as it is quick, clean and secure for both you and me. Bank to Bank Wire Transfer is REQUIRED for all International Sales.  We will hold Cashiers Checks until they clear both Banks. This can take several days , sometimes weeks. We are a Licensed and Bonded Iowa Auto Dealer and have been in business in the same location for nearly 30 years . A flat fee of  $98.00   will be added to the final bid price to cover Title and Document Administration fees, FedEx overnight costs for paperwork and Title, Dealer Prep, Handling, Packing and shipping preparation and loading assistance charges. $2,500 of the total purchase price will be considered as the non-refundable deposit if you choose to make one payment. Iowa residents will have to pay Iowa sales tax and Fees, Non-residents of Iowa are exempt from Iowa sales tax. This car will be sold with a current and valid Iowa Title unless otherwise described. This is a used car and is being sold as/is with no warranty written or implied. As a used car imperfections may be present . These cars are rarely perfect and this car is not being represented as being perfect in any way , shape or form . Paint chips, blisters, minor scratches, buffer marks, smudges, scuffs, nicks, dings, wrinkles, minor interior wear and so forth must be considered normal wear and tear. Engine size, heritage, displacement and horse power are NOT guaranteed. All sales are final. This description is based on my personal knowledge of the car and information provided by the previous owner and/or people I consider knowledgeable about it. Neither I or my Company can be held responsible for misinformation given to me by others and passed on in good faith. I am a car enthusiast and not an expert in any particular make or model. If you have specific concerns or questions that are important to you it is your responsibility to verify it. Please call or come look at the car before you bid. It is the bidders responsibility to verify the validity of all statements in this description that are important to you before you bid. I will try to find the answer for you. This is a used, vintage car. It has been driven and is not perfect, it may have defects which I am not aware of. Such defects must be considered normal wear and tear. We can assist you in arranging low cost shipping virtually anywhere in the World. All shipping costs are the responsibility of the Buyer. The Seller will not pay any shipping costs. Shipping costs incurred are not refundable under any circumstances.

If you want to pick this car up yourself or arrange your own shipping we will store this car FREE up to 14 days while you make arrangements. After 14 days the car will be placed in secure storage and the Buyer will be responsible for all storage fees incurred. The car will not be released for pick up or transport until paid in full and all payments and checks have cleared my Bank.

 

Questions ????  Please Call Skeet,  (515) 573-5353 days,

Or (515) 571-4691 cell phone. I do not know how to Text so you must call or email. NO TEXT MESSAGES !!!

Please be aware... I spend a lot of time traveling and away from my computer. I also spend a lot of time at my lake cabin  which has no computer or internet access. If you have a serious question, want to do the Buy-It-Now, want to discuss an offer or what ever, please call me at one of the above numbers !!!

  If you don't catch me leave a message and I will call you back.

I will post a  ton of large, high resolution pictures so you can admire this car and see her exactly as she is !!!

Please  take your time, look her over well and enjoy yourself !!!

__________________________________________

 

 

Auto Services in Iowa

Trail`s End Auto and Truck Salvage ★★★★★

Automobile Parts & Supplies, Used & Rebuilt Auto Parts, Automobile Salvage
Address: 1600 NE 44th Ave, Berwick
Phone: (866) 595-6470

Shaffer`s Auto Body Co. Inc ★★★★★

Auto Repair & Service, Automobile Body Repairing & Painting, Brake Repair
Address: 1712 E Lincoln Way, Huxley
Phone: (515) 509-2535

Schuling Hitch Company ★★★★★

Automobile Parts & Supplies, Trailer Hitches, Automobile Accessories
Address: 5067 NW 2nd St, West-Des-Moines
Phone: (866) 595-6470

Quality Car Care ★★★★★

Auto Repair & Service, Automobile Diagnostic Service, Automobile Inspection Stations & Services
Address: 900 Highway 965 NE Unit #6, Oakdale
Phone: (319) 626-2500

Phillip`s Auto Clinic ★★★★★

Auto Repair & Service, Tire Dealers
Address: 200 S Jefferson St, Mount-Pleasant
Phone: (319) 385-2769

Orlando`s Automotive ★★★★★

Auto Repair & Service
Address: 5245 NW Beaver Dr # B, Johnston
Phone: (515) 331-1922

Auto blog

Zombie cars: 9 discontinued vehicles that aren't dead yet

Thu, Jan 6 2022

Car models come and go, but as revealed by monthly sales data, once a car is discontinued, it doesn't just disappear instantly. And in the case of some models, vanishing into obscurity can be a slow, tedious process. That's the case with the 12 cars we have here. All of them have been discontinued, but car companies keep racking up "new" sales with them. There are actually more discontinued cars that are still registering new sales than what we decided to include here. We kept this list to the oldest or otherwise most interesting vehicles still being sold as new, including a supercar. We'll run the list in alphabetical order, starting with *drumroll* ... BMW 6 Series: 55 total sales BMW quietly removed the 6 Series from the U.S. market during the 2019 model year. It had been available in three configurations, a hardtop coupe, a convertible and a sleek four-door coupe-like shape.   BMW i8: 18 total sales We've always had a soft spot for the BMW i8, despite the fact that it never quite fit into a particular category. It was sporty, but nowhere near as fast as similarly-priced competitors. It looked very high-tech and boasted a unique carbon fiber chassis design and a plug-in hybrid powertrain, but wasn't really designed for maximum efficiency or maximum performance. Still, the in-betweener was very cool to look at and drive, and 18 buyers took one home over the course of 2021.   Chevy Impala: 750 total sales The Impala represented classic American tastes at a time when American tastes were shifting away from soft-riding sedans with big interior room and trunk space and into higher-riding crossovers. A total of 750 sales were inked last year.   Chrysler 200: 15 total sales The Chrysler 200 was actually a pretty nice sedan, with good looks and decent driving dynamics let down by a lack of roominess, particularly in the back seat. Of course, as we said regarding the Chevy Impala, the number of Americans in the market for sedans is rapidly winding down, and other automakers are following Chrysler's footsteps in canceling their slow-selling four-doors. Even if Chrysler never really found its footing in the ultra-competitive midsize sedan segment, apparently dealerships have a few leftover 2017 200s floating around. And for some reason, 15 buyers decided to sign the dotted line to take one of these aging sedans home last year.

2020 Dodge Charger R/T and Scat Pack get Daytona Edition Packages

Mon, Apr 27 2020

Dodge announced the Charger SRT Hellcat Widebody Daytona 50th Anniversary Edition late last year, limited to 501 examples, one of which has already gone to that big NASCAR infield in the sky. For the rest of the Daytona fandom, Mopar Insiders says Dodge has just opened the order books for the Daytona Edition Package available on the standard Charger R/T and Scat Pack. When optioned with the package, both trims get a Mopar cold air intake under the hood, a black spoiler, and a satin black Daytona graphic across the rear decklid and fenders. Both sedans also upgrade their side mirrors to automatically adjust downward when the transmission is put in reverse, plus an automatically-dimming driver's side mirror. Inside, they share power driver's and passenger's seats in Nappa leather and Alcantara with the Daytona logo, heated seats front and rear, a premium-stitched dash panel with gloss black instrument cluster rings, and a power tilt and telescoping steering wheel. Additional upper and lower LED lighting in the front of the cabin, plus illuminated rear cupholders, memory functions for the driver's seat, radio, and outside mirrors, and black-edge premium floor mats complete the interior changes.  The Charger R/T sits on 20 x 9-inch Lights Out painted wheels, and installs a heated steering wheel and security alarm. The Charger Scat Pack sits on 20 x 9.5-inch forged and painted aluminum wheels, and affixes more satin black decals on the roof and the hood on top of a Daytona badge on the grille. The mirrors are luxxed up further than on the R/T, being powered and heated as well as fold-away, and including a blind-spot warning. Inside the Scat Pack, a Daytona badge on the instrument panel mixes with Carbonite accents throughout the interior.  The Daytona Edition Package can be ordered in any of the 12-strong color palette, including Frostbite (pictured), Hellraisin, and Sinamon Stick that are new for 2020. The kit adds $3,495 to the prices of both cars, so before any other options, the 2020 Charger R/T Daytona comes to $41,385 after destination, the 2020 Charger Scat Pack Daytona comes to $44,985. Related Video:

EV cost burden pushing automakers to their limits, says Stellantis' CEO Tavares

Wed, Dec 1 2021

DETROIT — Stellantis CEO Carlos Tavares said external pressure on automakers to quickly shift to electric vehicles potentially threatens jobs and vehicle quality as producers struggle with EVs' higher costs. Governments and investors want car manufacturers to speed up the transition to electric vehicles, but the costs are "beyond the limits" of what the auto industry can sustain, Tavares said in an interview at the Reuters Next conference released Wednesday. "What has been decided is to impose on the automotive industry electrification that brings 50% additional costs against a conventional vehicle," he said. "There is no way we can transfer 50% of additional costs to the final consumer because most parts of the middle class will not be able to pay." Automakers could charge higher prices and sell fewer cars, or accept lower profit margins, Tavares said. Those paths both lead to cutbacks. Union leaders in Europe and North America have warned tens of thousands of jobs could be lost. Automakers need time for testing and ensuring that new technology will work, Tavares said. Pushing to speed that process up "is just going to be counter productive. It will lead to quality problems. It will lead to all sorts of problems," he said. Tavares said Stellantis is aiming to avoid cuts by boosting productivity at a pace far faster than industry norm. "Over the next five years we have to digest 10% productivity a year ... in an industry which is used to delivering 2 to 3% productivity" improvement, he said. "The future will tell us who is going to be able to digest this, and who will fail," Tavares said. "We are putting the industry on the limits." Electric vehicle costs are expected to fall, and analysts project that battery electric vehicles and combustion vehicles could reach cost parity during the second half of this decade. Like other automakers that earn profits from combustion vehicles, Stellantis is under pressure from both establishment automakers such as GM, Ford, VW and Hyundai, as well as start-ups such as Tesla and Rivian. The latter electric vehicle companies are far smaller in terms of vehicle sales and employment. But investors have given Tesla and Rivian higher market valuations than the owner of the highly profitable Jeep and Ram brands. That investor pressure is compounded by government policies aimed at cutting greenhouse gas emissions. The European Union, California and other jurisdictions have set goals to end sales of combustion vehicles by 2035.