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The fascinating history of the Popemobile

Pope Francis will be arriving today in the US for a variety of stops, including the World Meeting of Families in Philadelphia, PA. While here, the Pontiff won't be riding in the usual Mercedes-Benz Popemobile, but instead will make a more American switch to a modified Jeep Wrangler, according to the Washington Post. It'll feature a protected front, top, and rear, but the sides will be open for His Holiness to see the throngs of people gathering for him. For hundreds of years, Popes were transported in horse-drawn carriages or sometimes carried in an enclosed chair by footmen, but His Holiness finally traded for some real horsepower in 1929. While his ride sometimes varied depending on the country being visited, a Mercedes-Benz was generally the common choice. However, the Pontiffs have ridden in everything from a modified GMC Sierra to a Ferrari Mondial over the past few decades. Pope Francis has definitely preferred more plebeian transportation, though, including a Renault 4 running on biofuel. A trip to South Korea even put him in a Kia Soul, and he opted for an Isuzu D-Max in the Philippines. The Post's whole list is quite a fun read, and it's fascinating to see how the Popemobiles evolve over time. Related Video:

2019 Jeep Renegade revealed with a more mature, aggressive look

Jeep has finally revealed the refreshed 2019 Jeep Renegade compact crossover SUV. So far, only the exterior has been shown, and it does reveal a number of differences from the current model. At the front, we can see the Renegade now has available LED headlights similar to those offered on the Wrangler. The individual grille slats are wider with slimmer chrome bezels, which help to give it a more aggressive look. The front bumper has been completely redesigned, with the fog lights appearing to be bigger, and they now sit in the main lower grille. That grille is flanked by two triangular air inlets. Around back, the Renegade is nearly unchanged. The taillights are the only major change, and the dark red lights lend a more premium, mature look to the little crossover. We also see that the Renegade now sports an obvious grab handle for opening the rear hatch. Other details are scarce, as Jeep did not reveal much else with the two photos above. We've reached out to Jeep for more info but haven't received a response at the time of writing. We do know from the previous teaser of the new model that the Renegade will offer both three- and four-cylinder engines in Europe. The three-cylinder displaces 1 liter and makes about 120 horsepower, and the four-cylinder is available in two forms, one that makes 150 horsepower, and one that makes 180 horsepower. All of them are turbocharged. Spy shots have also hinted that the Renegade could also be getting a hybridized version. Related Video: Image Credit: Jeep Jeep Crossover SUV Economy Cars jeep renegade

Stellantis invests more than $100 million in California lithium project

Stellantis said it would invest more than $100 million in California's Controlled Thermal Resources, its latest bet on the direct lithium extraction (DLE) sector amid the global hunt for new sources of the electric vehicle battery metal. The investment by the Chrysler and Jeep parent announced on Thursday comes as the green energy transition and U.S. Inflation Reduction Act have fueled concerns that supplies of lithium and other materials may fall short of strong demand forecasts. DLE technologies vary, but each aims to mechanically filter lithium from salty brine deposits and thus avoid the need for open pit mines or large evaporation ponds, the two most common but environmentally challenging ways to extract the battery metal. Stellantis, which has said half of its fleet will be electric by 2030, also agreed to nearly triple the amount of lithium it will buy from Controlled Thermal, boosting a previous order to 65,000 metric tons annually for at least 10 years, starting in 2027. "This is a significant investment and goes a long way toward developing this key project," Controlled Thermal CEO Rod Colwell said in an interview. The company plans to spend more than $1 billion to separate lithium from superhot geothermal brines extracted from beneath California's Salton Sea after flashing steam off those brines to spin turbines that will produce electricity starting next year. That renewable power is expected to cut the amount of carbon emitted during lithium production. Rival Berkshire Hathaway has struggled to produce lithium from the same area given large concentrations of silica in the brine that can form glass when cooled, clogging pipes. Colwell said a $65 million facility recently installed by Controlled Thermal can remove that silica and other unwanted metals. DLE equipment licensed from Koch Industries would then remove the lithium. "We're very happy with the equipment," he said. "We're going to deliver. There's just no doubt about it." Stellantis CEO Carlos Tavares called the Controlled Thermal partnership "an important step in our care for our customers and our planet as we work to provide clean, safe and affordable mobility." Both companies declined to provide the specific investment amount. Controlled Thermal aims to obtain final permits by October and start construction of a commercial lithium plant soon thereafter, Colwell said. Goldman Sachs is leading the search for additional debt and equity financing, he added.